{"id":5748,"date":"2017-03-06T15:11:47","date_gmt":"2017-03-06T14:11:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wonderful-japan.com\/fr\/?page_id=5748"},"modified":"2024-10-25T12:28:07","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T11:28:07","slug":"katakana","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.wonderful-japan.com\/fr\/apprendre-le-japonais\/katakana\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9criture du japonais : les katakana"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.23.1″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdc691090-4dd1-48f1-ab52-4c47ef7ae30a\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb%91%93″][et_pb_row disabled_on=\u00a0\u00bbon|on|on\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.23.1″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bb766f6528-af78-4866-be96-4472601e5ae9″ background_image=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.wonderful-japan.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2024\/06\/top02.jpg\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb max_width=\u00a0\u00bb100%\u00a0\u00bb module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb min_height=\u00a0\u00bb60vh\u00a0\u00bb height=\u00a0\u00bb65vh\u00a0\u00bb max_height=\u00a0\u00bb65vh\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb0px||0px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb disabled=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb%91%93″][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.23.1″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb1_4,3_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.23.1″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bb68260568-82c6-4cc5-ba4d-203318bca81e\u00a0\u00bb link_option_url=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.udemy.com\/course\/apprendre-le-japonais-pas-a-pas-pour-les-debutants\/?couponCode=A53A4DC3F6F9101936F7″ link_option_url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb global_module=\u00a0\u00bb15762″ theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.23.1″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bb6a0805fd-23c8-463d-9891-ad01092a9146″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.wonderful-japan.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2024\/10\/Firefly-Une-japonaise-horrifiee-46427-1.jpg\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbFirefly Une japonaise horrifi\u00e9e 46427 (1)\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.23.1″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bb61ed806f-e2bb-4a04-891a-89790e9ff614″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb3_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.23.1″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bb6a0805fd-23c8-463d-9891-ad01092a9146″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text content_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Formation en ligne : Apprendre le Japonais pas-\u00e0-pas<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Avec 6h de vid\u00e9os, cette formation en ligne est con\u00e7ue pour les d\u00e9butants qui partent de 0 et qui veulent apprendre la langue japonaise \u00e9tape par \u00e9tape, de mani\u00e8re progressive et intuitive. Elle comprend une initiation pour apprendre les bases de la lecture et de l’\u00e9criture japonaise. L’apprenant va acqu\u00e9rir une connaissance solide de la grammaire japonaise gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des le\u00e7ons claires et faciles \u00e0 comprendre. Parfait pour les d\u00e9butants.<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

NOTE : 4,9\/5<\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00bb content_phone=\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Apprendre le Japonais
pas-\u00e0-pas<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

Avec 6h de vid\u00e9os, cette formation en ligne est con\u00e7ue pour les d\u00e9butants qui partent de 0 et qui veulent apprendre la langue japonaise \u00e9tape par \u00e9tape, de mani\u00e8re progressive et intuitive. Elle comprend une initiation pour apprendre les bases de la lecture et de l’\u00e9criture japonaise. L’apprenant va acqu\u00e9rir une connaissance solide de la grammaire japonaise gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des le\u00e7ons claires et faciles \u00e0 comprendre. Parfait pour les d\u00e9butants.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

NOTE : 4,9\/5<\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00bb content_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bboff|desktop\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.23.1″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bb4740e6fb-c605-421b-9756-2ca8203254f9″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00a0\u00bbpost_content\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Pourquoi vous devez absolument \u00e9viter d\u2019apprendre le japonais ?<\/p>\n

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Les Katakana<\/span><\/h1>\n

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Les\u00a0<\/span>katakana<\/strong>\u00a0constituent l\u2019un des deux syllabaires phon\u00e9tiques que compte la\u00a0<\/span>langue japonaise<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>avec les\u00a0<\/span>hiragana<\/a>. Les katakana\u00a0sont les seconds types de caract\u00e8res (kana) que les japonais apprennent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole ; ils servent essentiellement \u00e0 retranscrire des mots d\u2019origine \u00e9trang\u00e8re qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 int\u00e9gr\u00e9s dans la\u00a0<\/span>langue japonaise<\/a>. Par exemple, en japonais le mot \u201cordinateur\u201d est repris de l\u2019anglais \u201ccomputer\u201d qui, adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 la phon\u00e9tique de la langue donne \u201ckonpy\u00fbt\u00e2\u201d et s\u2019\u00e9crit en katakana \u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc. Par ailleurs, les katakana peuvent aussi \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s avec n\u2019importe quel mot japonais, souvent dans le but de marquer l\u2019attention, un peu comme la fonction \u201cmettre en gras\u201d ou \u201c\u00e9criture en capitales\u201d en fran\u00e7ais.<\/p>\n

A terme, et dans la vie courante, l\u2019\u00e9crit japonais m\u00e9lange les trois types de caract\u00e8res :\u00a0hiragana<\/a>, katakana et kanji, chacun ayant une utilit\u00e9 pr\u00e9cise dans la structure et la compr\u00e9hension du japonais \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9crit. Si de part leur fonction les katakana sont beaucoup moins utilis\u00e9s que les\u00a0hiragana<\/a>, leur apprentissage reste n\u00e9anmoins indispensable.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n

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Dans la pratique<\/h2>\n

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Bon \u00e0 savoir<\/h3>\n
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Les kana \u30b7 et \u30c4 se ressemble fortement, il faut donc bien faire attention \u00e0 ne pas les confondre : le trac\u00e9 du kana \u30b7 est plus horizontale et le grand trait de droite se trace en allant du bas vers le haut, tandis qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019inverse le trac\u00e9 du kana \u30c4 est plus verticale et le grand trait de droite se trace en partant du haut vers le bas.<\/p>\n

Comme pour les\u00a0<\/span>hiragana<\/a>, les kana \u30c2 et \u30c5 sont tr\u00e8s rarement utilis\u00e9s et ne se retrouve que dans quelques mots de vocabulaire bien pr\u00e9cis. Les kana \u30b8 et \u30ba sont donc couramment utilis\u00e9s pour transcrire les syllabes \u201cji\u201d et \u201czu\u201d.<\/p>\n

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Syllabes compos\u00e9es<\/h3>\n
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Pour former une syllabe compos\u00e9e, il suffit de combiner deux kana : le premier sera \u00e9crit en taille normale, et le second en plus petit \u00e0 la suite. Par exemple, pour la syllabe \u201ckya\u201d, il nous faut prendre le kana \u30ad (ki) et le faire suivre par le kana \u30e4 (ya) en plus petit, ce qui donne \u30ad\u30e3<\/span><\/p>\n

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Un d\u00e9tail qui change tout<\/h3>\n
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La taille du second kana et importante pour comprendre qu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019une\u00a0syllabe compos\u00e9e et non de deux syllabes. Il faut donc faire attention aussi bien lors de l\u2019\u00e9criture que lors de la lecture.<\/p>\n

\u30ad\u30e4 = kiya\u3000\u2260\u3000\u30ad\u30e3 = kya<\/p>\n

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Syllabes compos\u00e9es sp\u00e9ciales<\/h3>\n
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Les katakana servants souvent \u00e0 retranscrire des mots d\u2019origine \u00e9trang\u00e8re, certaines combinaisons de kana sont rendues possibles dans le but de cr\u00e9er des syllabes et des sons qui d\u2019ordinaire n\u2019existent pas en\u00a0<\/span>japonais<\/a>. Il est \u00e0 noter que ces combinaisons sont strictement r\u00e9serv\u00e9es aux katakana et ne sont aucunement transposables aux\u00a0<\/span>hiragana<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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R\u00e8gles d’\u00e9criture et de lecture<\/h2>\n

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